Acute Pancreatitis: Pancreatitis: Merck Manual Professional

Etiology
Biliary tract disease and alcoholism account for ≥ 80% of acute pancreatitis cases. The remaining 20% result from myriad causes (see Table 1: Pancreatitis: Some Causes of Acute Pancreatitis).

Table 1
Some Causes of Acute Pancreatitis Cause Example Drugs ACE inhibitors, asparaginase  , azathioprine  , 2´, 3´-dideoxyinosine, furosemide  , 6- mercaptopurine  , pentamidine , sulfa drugs, valproate  Infectious Coxsackie B virus, cytomegalovirus, mumps Inherited Multiple known gene mutations, including a small percentage of cystic fibrosis patients Mechanical/structural Gallstones, ERCP, trauma, pancreatic or periampullary cancer, choledochal cyst, sphincter of Oddi stenosis, pancreas divisum Metabolic Hypertriglyceridemia, hypercalcemia (including hyperparathyroidism), estrogen use associated with high lipid levels Toxins Alcohol, methanol Other Pregnancy, postrenal transplant, ischemia from hypotension or atheroembolism, tropical pancreatitis

Pregnancy, postrenal transplant, ischemia from hypotension or atheroembolism, tropical pancreatitis
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